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Great work, though I wish this blog were published after the redactions were updated so the findings could be really public. In particular, I really like this:
by dsacco 10y ago
Great work, though I wish this blog were published after the redactions were updated so the findings could be really public.
In particular, I really like this:
"When you submit bugs, remember that you aren't actually entitled to anything. Unfortunately, that's how bug bounties work. It's a sellers market. If a program doesn't pay as much as you'd expect for a bug, just don't participate in that program again. What's the point of causing drama over a bug or two? Who is the magic internet man who's going to buy your exploit for $1,000,000 using magic internet money (bitcoin) that those Hacker News users keep on referencing? If anyone knows who this person is, do tell me! There's no such thing as a "union" for bug bounty hunters nor an easily accessible secondary blackmarket that pays for your bugs in a company."
Fascinating. It's almost as though a successful security researcher and bug bounty participant is saying the same things Tom and I keep saying here, despite a constant hoard of people outside the industry who believe web application bugs are worth anything on the black market.
For anyone who would like to replicate this success, know the following:
1. The Web Application Hacker's Handbook is your friend. It's outdated but it's still the best foundation. Follow it up with The Browser Hacker's Handbook or The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook.
2. You can optimize for exotic vulnerabilities in Google, Facebook et al which pay the highest bounties or you can optimize for low hanging fruit in companies which are just opening up a bounty program. The longer a company has a bounty program, the less of a chance you'll successfully XSS them in a day of assessing their web applications. Optimizing for finding security vulnerabilities serially in the highest paying bounty programs requires a much greater level of skill, vulnerability intuition ("what did the developers not think about or consider here?") and patience.
3. To do this seriously, learn to recognize vulnerabilities as contextual faults in the the way a particular software's implementation matches the developer's design expectations. Try not to think of vulnerabilities as classifications, like XSS, CSRF, IDOR, etc. For a first pass to find low hanging fruit it's helpful to proceed this way, but for more advanced work you want to look holistically.
4. If you want to specialize in application security at the binary level (sandbox escapes, memory corruption - vulnerabilities in operating systems and major OS applications), you'll want to learn reverse engineering. Start with Hacking: The Art of Exploitation and then proceed to Reversing: Secrets of Reverse Engineering or Practical Reverse Engineering. You'll also want to read The Art of Software Security Assessment and Security Engineering alongside those, to develop excellent source code auditing and binary penetration testing skills. Frankly you should read those no matter what you do in security.
5. It's very possible to earn a competitive tech salary just by finding vulnerabilities and reporting them (or selling them, if that's your bag, but, critically, you won't be selling website bugs). However, it's difficult and time consuming. It requires an orthogonal skill set to straight development, and while it might not be more time consuming it will certainly appear that way while you're doing it. Like much of security work, bug bounty hunting consists of long periods of research and analysis, during which you might feel like you haven't made any progress. This is interposed with brief moments of inspiration and a final moment of euphoria when you finally break something after poking at it for days or weeks or months.
You can earn a lot by finding lots of bug bounties, or you can do it by finding a few serious flaws in widely used "foundational" software in a year (think browsers, Flash, Rails, Windows, etc.). The latter method requires less context-switching, so if you can swing for that it's the way I'd recommend. All you need is three or four bugs in an OS or browser to match a Bay Area median salary.
As always, I'm very happy to help anyone who would like to get into security professionally.
- 147 10y agoDylan, I'm a software engineer. Let's say I wanted to transition into security with the eventual goal of consulting for web / mobile application security. 1. Would going through the books you've recommended here and practicing a good path to get me to there? 2. Could you elaborate more on your second to last paragraph? Say I found a Rails vulnerability. How would I monetize that? I interpreted your statement as saying do lots of bug bounties or fewer not bug bounties.
- dsacco 10y agoHey Christopher, 1. Yes, working through those books would get you to a position at any of the best consulting firms for security. As Thomas will tell you, they used to ship some of the books I mentioned to candidates to prepare them for interviews at Matasano :). Those books will teach you everything you can learn from books alone; the rest is just up to practice. 2. If you find a Rails vulnerability, the most straightforward path to monetizing it is reporting it directly to the Rails core dev team and registering for a CVE number recognizing you as the researcher. Once the vulnerability is patched, report the fact that you found it and it was patched to Hackerone's Internet Bug Bounty (IBB) program. The IBB program rewards researchers for reporting serious flaws in major software used around the internet. Your interpretation is correct. I use "bug bounties" colloquially to mean web application vulnerabilities, but technically Hackerone's IBB is a bug bounty. The point is that web application vulnerabilities are worth less as a general rule than vulnerabilities that impact a plurality of websites, due to things like vulnerability half life. Hope that helps!
- goldenkey 10y agoYou'll probably never get there. Either you're born a phreaker, cracker, pentester, or you're a kid who does other things during HS and college. The kind of people that do sec have been doing it since they were 10. You'll have a hard time competing. (And yes, I am the former.)