Like any paper, this too has a summary: 6. Concluding Remarks This paper presents an extensive characterization of SSD failures using field data.We first show

Like any paper, this too has a summary: 6. Concluding Remarks This paper presents an extensive characterization of SSD failures using field data.We first show that SSD failure rates in the field can be very different from what vendors specify. Next, we identify and quantify four types of SMART failure symptoms exhibited by the SSDs, and provide characteristics of symptom occurrence, intensity and progression rate. We show that despite their presence, the symptoms alone cannot be a sufficient indicator of failures. We have also studied the impact of multiple provisioning and operational factors across different layers of the datacenter hierarchy on SSD reliability. Many of these factors are individually influencing, and can also interact with each other in complicated ways, to impact SSD failures. We have used machine learning and graphical model based approaches to systematically consider the impact of multiple influential factors towards answering the what, when and why of SSD failures. We believe the insights gained from this paper can greatly influence the design, provisioning and operational decisions for SSDs in datacenters.