There is an embedded RTOS (ThreadX) and an embedded JVM. Curiously the embedded JVM uses JEFF bytecode, a somewhat obscure bytecode format for embedded JVMs. Ja

There is an embedded RTOS (ThreadX) and an embedded JVM. Curiously the embedded JVM uses JEFF bytecode, a somewhat obscure bytecode format for embedded JVMs. Java Card does _not_ use JEFF¹, meaning it's either an Intel-proprietary JVM or, more likely, they licensed it from an unknown party. And yes, there's a hell of a lot of attack surface. Someone's gonna hack ME one day and have access to an awful lot of computers. ¹ I think. I'm far from an embedded Java expert, but from what I can tell Java Card uses a reduced form of regular Java bytecode and not a totally different format like JEFF. Please correct me if I'm wrong.