First off preceptrons are very simplified models, a first pass really at modeling brains in silico decades ago. There is a whole field of theoretical neuroscie

First off preceptrons are very simplified models, a first pass really at modeling brains in silico decades ago. There is a whole field of theoretical neuroscience dedicated to this problem, and have made quite a bit of progress, still a bunch of work left to be done. The classical introductory text on the topic is the book by Peter Dayan and Larry Abbott called computational and mathematical modeling of neural systems.