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The syntax doesn't look all that friendly. Even with comments on every second line of the rust code I struggled to work our what it was doing. I opened the ext

The syntax doesn't look all that friendly. Even with comments on every second line of the rust code I struggled to work our what it was doing. I opened the external example he linked which has solutions in a number of languages. (https://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Inverted_index https://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Inverted_index) I could understand the C version of the code pretty well at a glance. Granted it was long but it looks like the intuitive way I'd write the code. I acknowledge my bias here. I looked at some other languages on the site and both the the C# example and D example look much more readable then the rust code (and I've not used either of those languages either I think they are intended for "system" programming as well) the code as provided in those languages seemed more intuitive.

Jonhoo 10y ago
To some extent, I think this comes down to familiarity with the functional approach to solving these kinds of problems. Certainly, before I started writing code in Rust, I also preferred the imperative approach you would take in C and Go. Over time though, I've found that I increasingly prefer this way of expressing chained computation. That said, there's certainly a point to be made (and indeed other commenters have made it already) that this isn't code you would want to maintain. For production-level code, it'd be broken down more, so that individual pieces could be reviewed and tested in isolation. The code example here was to demonstrate the expressivity of the language more so than the One True Way of doing it.
- danieldk 10y ago
  Over time though, I've found that I increasingly prefer this way of expressing chained computation. This looks like code from the 'I found out about FP, let's apply it everywhere'-stage. For instance, if the iteration over arguments was done with a regular for...in loop, the filename would be visible in its scope and the rest of the code could be simplified due to not having to pass the filename everywhere. Also, I don't think this demonstrates expressivity well, because the purported functional construct uses unwrap/expect (it panics). The expressivity of Rust allows you to have the whole expression to have Result has its type fairly easily. (Sorry for ranting a bit, but I think that Not only is this very readable, will tick off people. Which is sad, because it could be changed into something which is more readable but still expressive.)
  - Jonhoo 10y ago
    I agree with your point in that this is written in an excessively functional style. Something more akin to the imperative-style solution given by lifthrasiir below might have been simpler. However, I don't think that code shows that Rust is more expressive in any way than C/Go is (which is kind of the point). The functional code I give in the article is quite radically different from what you would/could do in those languages, and I would argue that it does show that Rust provides some interesting and flexible mechanisms that add to the expressivity you have as a programmer. Sure, it's overused in the example, but the exaggeration at least has a chance of communicating the point. Maybe the argument is that I should have used a simpler (yet still not trivial) example instead, but I couldn't think of one at the time. Re the "Not only is this very readable" part, I completely agree. I could change it to something less, hmm, bold, but I'm not sure it would make that much of a difference at this point. Suggestions are welcome.
  - pjmlp 10y ago
    I remember reading about a nice post from someone in the Clojure community that de constructed an almost unreadable program full of nested function declarations into something that any of us would be happy doing maintenance. It went thought the code identifying code patterns and goals, and then making them into separate functions or data structures as appropriate.
- deleted 10y ago
  [deleted]
pcwalton 10y ago
I noticed that a lot of the Rust programs on Rosetta Code use the functional style as well. You could do that in C# and D too if you wanted—it's just that the people adding Rust entries to the site prefer functional style. Rust does not force you into the functional style, and usually I use imperative style when writing Rust code, except when the task is so simple that writing e.g. a for loop would be just noise. For example, if I just wanted to convert every string in a vector to uppercase, I'd probably just write "list.iter(|string| string.to_uppercase()).collect()". But if I were, say, hashing every string in the vector, I'd probably use a for loop over an iterator.
- ngrilly 10y ago
  > Rust does not force you into the functional style, and usually I use imperative style when writing Rust code, except when the task is so simple that writing e.g. a for loop would be just noise. I use the same strategy in "dynamic" languages like Python and JavaScript, that support both an imperative and functional style.
- pjmlp 10y ago
  If I would be using Rust I think I would also be in the FP crowd. There are enough similarities with ML languages, and I have used so much FP concepts all the way back to Caml Light, my first FP language, that I would just naturally follow that path when writing Rust. In Smalltalk it was just natural to mix both styles.
smitherfield 10y ago
A lot of stuff in the article's code examples struck me as "hacky," although I have no idea what's considered idiomatic/performant Rust.
EugeneOZ 10y ago
It's just question of time, I promise.

Jonhoo 10y ago

To some extent, I think this comes down to familiarity with the functional approach to solving these kinds of problems. Certainly, before I started writing code in Rust, I also preferred the imperative approach you would take in C and Go. Over time though, I've found that I increasingly prefer this way of expressing chained computation. That said, there's certainly a point to be made (and indeed other commenters have made it already) that this isn't code you would want to maintain. For production-level code, it'd be broken down more, so that individual pieces could be reviewed and tested in isolation. The code example here was to demonstrate the expressivity of the language more so than the One True Way of doing it.

danieldk 10y ago
Over time though, I've found that I increasingly prefer this way of expressing chained computation. This looks like code from the 'I found out about FP, let's apply it everywhere'-stage. For instance, if the iteration over arguments was done with a regular for...in loop, the filename would be visible in its scope and the rest of the code could be simplified due to not having to pass the filename everywhere. Also, I don't think this demonstrates expressivity well, because the purported functional construct uses unwrap/expect (it panics). The expressivity of Rust allows you to have the whole expression to have Result has its type fairly easily. (Sorry for ranting a bit, but I think that Not only is this very readable, will tick off people. Which is sad, because it could be changed into something which is more readable but still expressive.)
- Jonhoo 10y ago
  I agree with your point in that this is written in an excessively functional style. Something more akin to the imperative-style solution given by lifthrasiir below might have been simpler. However, I don't think that code shows that Rust is more expressive in any way than C/Go is (which is kind of the point). The functional code I give in the article is quite radically different from what you would/could do in those languages, and I would argue that it does show that Rust provides some interesting and flexible mechanisms that add to the expressivity you have as a programmer. Sure, it's overused in the example, but the exaggeration at least has a chance of communicating the point. Maybe the argument is that I should have used a simpler (yet still not trivial) example instead, but I couldn't think of one at the time. Re the "Not only is this very readable" part, I completely agree. I could change it to something less, hmm, bold, but I'm not sure it would make that much of a difference at this point. Suggestions are welcome.
- pjmlp 10y ago
  I remember reading about a nice post from someone in the Clojure community that de constructed an almost unreadable program full of nested function declarations into something that any of us would be happy doing maintenance. It went thought the code identifying code patterns and goals, and then making them into separate functions or data structures as appropriate.
deleted 10y ago
[deleted]

pcwalton 10y ago

I noticed that a lot of the Rust programs on Rosetta Code use the functional style as well. You could do that in C# and D too if you wanted—it's just that the people adding Rust entries to the site prefer functional style. Rust does not force you into the functional style, and usually I use imperative style when writing Rust code, except when the task is so simple that writing e.g. a for loop would be just noise. For example, if I just wanted to convert every string in a vector to uppercase, I'd probably just write "list.iter(|string| string.to_uppercase()).collect()". But if I were, say, hashing every string in the vector, I'd probably use a for loop over an iterator.

ngrilly 10y ago
> Rust does not force you into the functional style, and usually I use imperative style when writing Rust code, except when the task is so simple that writing e.g. a for loop would be just noise. I use the same strategy in "dynamic" languages like Python and JavaScript, that support both an imperative and functional style.
pjmlp 10y ago
If I would be using Rust I think I would also be in the FP crowd. There are enough similarities with ML languages, and I have used so much FP concepts all the way back to Caml Light, my first FP language, that I would just naturally follow that path when writing Rust. In Smalltalk it was just natural to mix both styles.

smitherfield 10y ago

A lot of stuff in the article's code examples struck me as "hacky," although I have no idea what's considered idiomatic/performant Rust.

EugeneOZ 10y ago

It's just question of time, I promise.