VW is not in the same situation in the U.S. though. They have a lot of competition (they're not even in the top 10), so if they didn't do it in the the EU, but

VW is not in the same situation in the U.S. though. They have a lot of competition (they're not even in the top 10), so if they didn't do it in the the EU, but cheated on the U.S. models, there would be vastly differing output levels, signaling a discrepancy between the two models.