In Germany (and Japan according to Wikipedia) there's the concept of "Zivilklausel" which is a pledge by an entire university to only conduct civilian research.

In Germany (and Japan according to Wikipedia) there's the concept of "Zivilklausel" which is a pledge by an entire university to only conduct civilian research. The dual use problem remains and there's some loopholes but by and large the universities that pledge to it follow it. Here's a link of participating institutions (in German but mostly a list): http://www.zivilklausel.de/index.php/bestehende-zivilklauseln http://www.zivilklausel.de/index.php/bestehende-zivilklausel... Notably 6 states have that clause in their university laws. Since I live in one of them I have only conducted civilian research by default (yay?).