That's a bold claim indeed, especially with that attempt at an explanation. > You cause a neuron to fire and it fires Tautology much? > it does not care why

That's a bold claim indeed, especially with that attempt at an explanation. > You cause a neuron to fire and it fires Tautology much? > it does not care why it fired. That's not even good English grammar. I mean, it's a very informal style, that I only understand because the information is redundant. Of course there are fail-safe parts. I don't even need to study to see that redundancy is a vital feature of the nervous system. In the same way, the ACC probably isn't the only point of failure for certain perceptions of the environment.