Multiple OEMs using systems from 4 or so suppliers[1]. If you carefully examine the list of vehicles affected you will see at least a couple duplicates: Toyota

Multiple OEMs using systems from 4 or so suppliers[1]. If you carefully examine the list of vehicles affected you will see at least a couple duplicates: Toyota and Lexus, as well as Audi and Volkswagen. This article isn't very good. 1. http://www.syssec.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/infk/inst-infsec/system-security-group-dam/research/spot/332.pdf http://www.syssec.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/... See page 13: Part Providers