a) and b) can be so cheap relative to the total cost of the application and / or the value that application produces that they might as well be unlimited. Esse

a) and b) can be so cheap relative to the total cost of the application and / or the value that application produces that they might as well be unlimited. Essentially, if you are running into electricity / resource constraints on, say, an e-commerce website, then unless your design choices were absolutely hideous, then you are having a Very Good Problem. Many programmers can spend their entire careers on building and maintaining such apps. The infrastructure costs are outclassed by their salary by several orders of magnitude. A decent website costs millions to develop in total and hundreds monthly to host. It can bring in several million in revenue every year. All this and it's still a sideshow to the main business. A site I maintain does $3 million in business every year, whereas our retail partners do 7.