Bacteria are indeed grouped into species. The coli of Escherichia coli is an identifier for the species. However, species in general is a pretty nebulous term.

Bacteria are indeed grouped into species. The coli of Escherichia coli is an identifier for the species. However, species in general is a pretty nebulous term. One definition of species is the maximal set of individuals that are pairwise sexually capable of producing viable offspring (which is obviously non-sensical when we're talking of organisms which reproduce asexually.) Other methods of defining species rely on physical or genetic similarity, which are troublesome due to parallel & convergent evolution (where two phylogenically distinct populations arrive at the same morphology/phenotype) and horizontal gene transfer (transfering genetic information between individuals without directly producing offspring---fairly common in prokaryotes). So it can get a little bit hazy, but taxonomists carry on nonetheless as best they can.