I can't comment on China - my guess is their regulations on things other than CO2 (sulfur oxides and nitrous oxides mainly) is probably also more lax than Europ

I can't comment on China - my guess is their regulations on things other than CO2 (sulfur oxides and nitrous oxides mainly) is probably also more lax than Europe and North America. Scrubbers exist for both of these and are used EU/NA. Yes these are more expensive. Time scale - hard to say. I would think at $100 oil, coal is very competitive even with scrubbers, capture, and sequestration. At $30, probably not. Oil prices are more determined by politics than industry, but there seems to be a ceiling of $60-70 where a massive supply of non-conventional oil becomes economic. There has been a commercial carbon capture and storage facility in Canada since 2000, which takes CO2 from plants in North Dakota. There are about 75 projects worldwide using CCS, in various stages of development. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weyburn-Midale_Carbon_Dioxide_Project https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weyburn-Midale_Carbon_Dioxide_... So for time scale, it is already being done. For wider adoption, probably we are looking at ~10 years, as data is still being collected and these projects are large undertakings. But CCS in particular is one of the few approaches that can actually scale to make a sizable dent in CO2 emissions.