> I think you can separate these pretty cleanly. You can, and probably should, but it's more of an engineering distinction than a theoretical one. Syntax and

> I think you can separate these pretty cleanly. You can, and probably should, but it's more of an engineering distinction than a theoretical one. Syntax and types are both rules for how phrases can fit together. And sometimes it blurs - I understand that at least one C++ compiler parses with an overly general parser, collecting several results and disambiguating with type information. > Every programming language has syntax, not every programming language has static types. Not every programming language has "static syntax" - some allow you to adjust the parser, and some don't do any checking of the whole file (much less the whole program) before they start running the first bits of it.