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I've found a short piece [0] on the Negative Income Tax, an idea closely related to the UBI, that I think does a better job than this article of discussing the
by ScottBurson 11y ago
I've found a short piece [0] on the Negative Income Tax, an idea closely related to the UBI, that I think does a better job than this article of discussing the problems with any such scheme. Some quotes:
The first and most basic problem is that it is currently fiscally—and perhaps administratively—impossible to construct an NIT that simultaneously
1. provides an income guarantee as generous as the cash and in-kind benefits already available to many welfare recipients in the United States,
2. provides an ostensible incentive to work (a far greater concern when benefits are to be extended beyond the traditional welfare population dominated by female-headed families), and
3. restricts coverage to any manageable proportion of the population—the so-called "break-even" problem.
These constraints are, in fact, irreconcilable as long as the median income remains within striking distance of the poverty line—a situation that has barely improved over the last two decades of slow average economic growth.
The second problem with an NIT is that the welfare system already provides a package of cash and in-kind benefits that, in many states, is worth considerably more than any likely NIT (though at the cost of excluding large groups of the poor—such as two-parent families—from eligibility). Political and humanitarian considerations prevent reducing these benefits, thus vitiating one of the NIT's attractions—the possibility of abolishing the welfare system.
[0] http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc1/NegativeIncomeTax.html http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc1/NegativeIncomeTax.html
- spangry 11y agoGood find. It's worth noting though that the author is discussing the 'Jersey Experiment', which implemented an 'impure' form of the NIT: Thus, a treatment might offer a guarantee equal to half the poverty line, which was then about $8,000 for a family of four, with benefits being reduced by 50 percent of the family's income. When income was zero, the family would receive the full $4,000 (50 percent of $8,000). When income reached $8,000, the benefit would be reduced to zero and the family would "break even" (i.e., neither receive negative taxes nor pay positive taxes). This is basically the opposite of a 'pure' NIT: where earnings do not affect the annual cash amount handed out by the government. In other words, under an NIT, the government would be sending the same amount of money to Bill Gates as they would send to its poorest citizen. The NIT discussed above meant that recipients faced at least a 50% effective marginal tax rate on their first $8000 of earnings, which is a pretty significant disincentive to work. The whole point of an NIT is to avoid this 'welfare trap' effect.