It's good to see hard data on this. I hope more people will publish similar research in the future. I've done a lot of work with both statically and dynamically

It's good to see hard data on this. I hope more people will publish similar research in the future. I've done a lot of work with both statically and dynamically typed languages and I've always known that dynamically languages were more productive. I've often made comments on HN suggesting my preference for dynamically typed languages and these comments often got downvoted - This surprised me because I thought that my view was the consensus. To be fair, I think the rise of the web and in particular of the JSON format for APIs and the use of typeless NoSQL databases have favored dynamically typed languages. JSON objects have no type, so when you write statically typed code, you have to add logic to cast everything into concrete types instead of accepting the data as provided. If you use a NoSQL database, you will get dynamic typing in the storage layer as well so you won't have to worry about types anymore... In such a scenario, you can enforce the consistency of various parts of your data as much or as little as you like.