From a "Computer Science" perspective: "Economies of scale" is another word for "sublinear growth". Software is, fundamentally, a graph. And the number of edges

From a "Computer Science" perspective: "Economies of scale" is another word for "sublinear growth". Software is, fundamentally, a graph. And the number of edges in a connected graph grows quadratically. Pretty much any strategy to improve making software at scale, whether code organization or organizational design, is finding ways to limit the complexity of the graph to a constant multiplier of the number of nodes, and keeping that constant small, rather than allowing things to grow quadratically.