The carbon is amorphous before it is heated, then it forms various crystalline structures it appears (you can see that in the Raman, EELS, and other measurement

The carbon is amorphous before it is heated, then it forms various crystalline structures it appears (you can see that in the Raman, EELS, and other measurements, though the quick way to identify that is all the discussion of various crystalline planes). EDIT for clarity: *forms various crystal structures that are embedded in the amorphous layer.