Somewhere in the middle, I believe. Penn State is big enough that it's basically its own ISP. They're not buying retail internet service from Comcast, but the

Somewhere in the middle, I believe. Penn State is big enough that it's basically its own ISP. They're not buying retail internet service from Comcast, but they do pay for bandwidth. Penn State is also an Internet2 node, but that's not what carries most of their traffic.