A lot of the advanced stuff is internal work leading to a simple exterior (at least in principle, modulo bugs and optimization work). Think "tormenting implemen

A lot of the advanced stuff is internal work leading to a simple exterior (at least in principle, modulo bugs and optimization work). Think "tormenting implementors on behalf of users". For example, in Perl 6 a character at the language level is a grapheme. This is per a proper understanding of the Unicode standard. It seems that most folk (and language designers/designs, including eg gvr/py3) don't/didn't realize that Unicode always intended graphemes as the obligatory ultimate destination for modelling "characters" and providing truly clean Unicode text handling. (Swift has attempted the same thing but their current character iterating implementation and API are clearly inappropriate long term for a performant text manipulation focused language so they'll surely have to redo that part of Swift over the coming years.) Another example is the parallelizing, async, and concurrency features in Perl 6. These are all surprisingly simple to use and performant but took a lot of design talent, and engineering talent under the hood, to get right internally and simple externally. Sticking to positive stuff for a moment longer, some features bring important concepts from decades past in to this century. Most notably, afaict, Perl 6 provides a universal unrestricted grammar[1]. Aiui this could put help put "string rewriting", a relatively neglected mathematically proven isomorphism to the lambda calculus and turing machine models of computation, back on the map. It will be interesting to see what happens as Perl 6 matures. The biggest downside I see, beyond widespread negative associations with the name 'Perl', is immaturity. Perl 6 has lots of bugs, poor doc, is currently slow as molasses for a lot of stuff, and so on. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unrestricted_grammar https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unrestricted_grammar