Copenhagen I think would meet the criteria of your last sentence: over the past 20 years, car infrastructure has remained somewhere between constant and modestl

Copenhagen I think would meet the criteria of your last sentence: over the past 20 years, car infrastructure has remained somewhere between constant and modestly improved (depending on where you are), while public transit and bicycle infrastructure have both improved significantly. The new metro system (completed 2007) is an especially big improvement: it runs 24/7, is driverless, and the wait between trains is only 3-6 minutes during most times. Another nice addition is the completion/expansion of the "A-bus" network of high-frequency (~6-9 minute headway), 24/7 buses, which fill in gaps between the rail service. And a lot of new bicycle infrastructure has been created, too. In the core urban area (central Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, parts of Amager, etc.), driving is now probably most often either 2nd or 3rd place in latency. Usually either biking or public transit will be 1st, depending on where precisely you're going from and to.