Question: Is the app traversing the permissions boundary, AND uploading over the network twice a minute? or... Is the app traversing the permissions boundary,

Question: Is the app traversing the permissions boundary, AND uploading over the network twice a minute? or... Is the app traversing the permissions boundary, and CACHING deltas on the device, for a deferred, less frequent upload of detected differences within a longer time period, perhaps phoning home once every 24 hours, to pass a message that indicates no changes, or only the current diff, OR the complete series of changes, even if there's no net difference, since the last upload? Traversing the permissions boundary can trigger a counter, while traversing the network boundary might be an independent permissions request. It's not clear if the author of the article has insight into these differences. Both scenarios still have the same net effect on privacy, reducing the privacy of the user. The difference here, being a tradeoff in possibly some low-watt brief increases in CPU load, and more expensive network/radio traffic, possibly also affecting mobile data/bandwidth caps.