> I would say an exception is studies of ESP Actually, E.T. Jaynes touched that topic a bit, and argued that it's not really an exception: probability theory a

> I would say an exception is studies of ESP Actually, E.T. Jaynes touched that topic a bit, and argued that it's not really an exception: probability theory applies to this phenomenons (or lack thereof) as usual. If I recall correctly, he reached the same conclusion as you just did: if a study looks like it demonstrated an instance of ESP, it probably went wrong.