I've seen another IR that replaced phi nodes with BB arguments, but they also replaced return with continuations, leading to a kind of best-of-both-worlds cross

I've seen another IR that replaced phi nodes with BB arguments, but they also replaced return with continuations, leading to a kind of best-of-both-worlds cross between SSA and CPS. They were able to implement a bunch of interesting optimizations on closures, in an imperative language. http://compilers.cs.uni-saarland.de/papers/lkh15_cgo.pdf http://compilers.cs.uni-saarland.de/papers/lkh15_cgo.pdf