Yes. There's been other studies that have compared the biodiversity of the gut in some of the few modern hunter-gatherer societies to western ones, and the hunt

Yes. There's been other studies that have compared the biodiversity of the gut in some of the few modern hunter-gatherer societies to western ones, and the hunter-gatherers have far more diverse varieties of gut bacteria than us westerners do[1]. And also that people with more diverse gut bacteria tend to be leaner and healthier[2]. It's likely (though I don't know if there's been specific studies in this direction yet), that the reason Americans have gotten so fat over the past few decades even when controlling for average calorie intake, is that our diet of mostly highly processed foods reduces gut biome diversity. [1] http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2014/140415/ncomms4654/full/ncomms4654.html http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2014/140415/ncomms4654/full/nco... [2] http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v500/n7464/full/nature12506.html http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v500/n7464/full/nature1...