This is a major reason for reform of the visa system. If you get a US PhD you should be guaranteed a US visa. Studying a STEM PhD is free and mostly paid for by

This is a major reason for reform of the visa system. If you get a US PhD you should be guaranteed a US visa. Studying a STEM PhD is free and mostly paid for by public grants aka tax dollars. If you force these people to leave you are using tax dollars to train them to go back and contribute to another country's economy. Instead they should be heavily incentivized to stay in the US and grow the US economy since we already wasted time training them. For years China and India have been suffering brain drain to the US with their best researchers and engineers coming to the US but at least in china there has been a shift with more and more Chinese PhD grads choosing to go back most of which is because it is just too hard to stay in the US. They go back and work for upcoming tech giants like alibaba and other companies that are competing with US companies. So US companies are facing more competition from companies whose workers are trained in the US with grant money from US tax payers