For something of a litmus test, the most recent Ford Fiesta model advertised better-than-actual gas mileage numbers. To mitigate the issue, Ford sent checks for

For something of a litmus test, the most recent Ford Fiesta model advertised better-than-actual gas mileage numbers. To mitigate the issue, Ford sent checks for the assumed loss of money to owners for the lifetime of the vehicle (which amounted to a couple hundred dollars). I imagine VW will only be required to make up the assumed loss of value of the vehicles unless the states intervene (California and NY are notorious for this).