These companies were founded when the world weren't so connected. The size of US market unified with one currency and language didn't matter back then. Because

These companies were founded when the world weren't so connected. The size of US market unified with one currency and language didn't matter back then. Because if you have founded a company in California, it was hard for you to reach people in New York because there was no internet so when somebody founded a company in Germany, he had basically same position as the guy in US. And after many years the guy in Germany had a lot of money so he could easily expand to France and so on. So business were growing with same pace and it didn't matter where you were. But there is more factors in it, Europe used be more rich (it had a lot of colonies), US wasn't so developed as it is now. GDP of US was lower than GDP of UK in 1900. And of course laws changed, we have more bureaucracy than we used to have.