Erlang basically has BEAM which is similar to Cpython or YARV in that it is both the official implementation and de-facto standard because the actual standards

Erlang basically has BEAM which is similar to Cpython or YARV in that it is both the official implementation and de-facto standard because the actual standards are either non-existent or don't cover a lot of edge cases (making an unofficial spec). That said, I believe that if an official third-party specification for Erlang were ever created, it would likely have to specify a similar GC and threading system because this is necessary to allow the normal Erlang programming style.