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This is based on a press release about an article that hasn't even passed peer review yet, itself about a small-n animal study that hasn't been replicated. Mean
by tokenadult 11y ago
This is based on a press release about an article that hasn't even passed peer review yet, itself about a small-n animal study that hasn't been replicated. Meanwhile, in peer-reviewed human research, there have been massive genome-wide association studies (GWASes) in which tens of thousands of human genomes have been scanned for behavioral traits of interest, including IQ, it has been found that NO single-gene variant has a strong effect on IQ. That is none. There simply isn't any common gene variant in humankind that has a large effect on IQ, and there aren't even any rare variants of large enough effect to show up in lineage studies or in GWASes or in any other human genetics investigation on the topic of IQ.
Meanwhile, human investigations of identical twins brought up in separate households, including a striking recent case in Colombia of two pairs of twins in which one twin from each pair ended up with the other twin's family to be brought up,[1] continue to show that identical (monozygotic) twins tend to resemble each other more than siblings typically do, even if raised apart, but also can differ from each other in a variety of ways, including in IQ, and especially in IQ if they are not brought up in the same household. Environment always matters in human development, for every trait. That's called the Third Law of Behavior Genetics.[2]
After edit: Here is a link[3] to a description of the Morris Water Maze test, which this press release says was used in the study trumpeted to the press here. I'd like to see how the variance in performance of their study mice compares to mice used in previous studies with the water maze as a criterion variable of mouse intelligence, as there have been many, many studies like that.
[1] http://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/12/magazine/the-mixed-up-brothers-of-bogota.html http://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/12/magazine/the-mixed-up-brot...
[2] http://cdp.sagepub.com/content/9/5/160.abstract http://cdp.sagepub.com/content/9/5/160.abstract
http://cdp.sagepub.com/content/24/4/304.full http://cdp.sagepub.com/content/24/4/304.full
[3] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2895266/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2895266/
- narrator 11y agoIt's not exactly coming out of left field though. PDE4 has been a research topic of much interest over the past decade. There are many studies and review articles talking about the large amount of evidence that PDE4 inhibitors, specifically those that are specific for PDE4B and PDE4D, are excellent cognitive enhancers and possible treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.[1][2] Unfortunately, the PDE4 inhibitor that they used in all the mice studies, Rolipram, causes vomiting in people in very low doses. Thus, there has been a lot of research around trying to find one that works just as well without causing vomiting. These gene tweaking studies just further confirm that these are good drug targets worth spending the lab time on to develop. 1.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23883342 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23883342 2.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25159075 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25159075
- danieltillett 11y agoVomiting is one of the more interesting differences between rodents and humans when it comes to drug studies as rodents can’t vomit.