Deepmind (http://deepmind.com/ http://deepmind.com/) comes to mind. It was acquired by Google though. Their vision it is "We combine the best techniques from ma

Deepmind (http://deepmind.com/ http://deepmind.com/) comes to mind. It was acquired by Google though. Their vision it is "We combine the best techniques from machine learning and systems neuroscience to build powerful general‑purpose learning algorithms." AFAIK they work mostly on reinforcement learning coupled with Neural Networks