4 ms·
Gödel, Escher, Bach has a great paragraph on this in the context of recursive structures and processes (i.e. things that can be modeled with stacks, i.e. push a
by rndn 11y ago
Gödel, Escher, Bach has a great paragraph on this in the context of recursive structures and processes (i.e. things that can be modeled with stacks, i.e. push and pop operations):
Recursion in Language (p. 138):
Our mental stacking power is perhaps slightly stronger in
language. The grammatical structure of all languages involves
setting up quite elaborate push-down stacks, though, to be sure,
the difficulty of understanding a sentence increases sharply with
the number of pushes onto the stack. The proverbial German
phenomenon of the "verb-at-the-end", about which Droll tales of
absentminded professors who would begin a sentence, ramble on for
an entire lecture, and then finish up by rattling off a string of
verbs by which their audience, for whom the stack had long since
lost its coherence, would be totally nonplussed, are told, is an
excellent example of linguistic pushing and popping. The
confusion among the audience out-of-order popping from the stack
onto which the professor's verbs been pushed, is amusing to
imagine, could engender. But in normal ken German, such deep
stacks almost never occur-in fact, native speaker of German often
unconsciously violate certain conventions which force verb to go
to the end, in order to avoid the mental effort of keeping track
of the stack. Every language has constructions which involve
stacks, though usually of a less spectacular nature than German.
But there are always of rephrasing sentences so that the depth of
stacking is minimal.
Here is an example of such a (grammatical) beast:
Der Mechaniker,
auf den wir wegen dem Unfall,
den wir,
bevor wir die Stadt,
die im Norden liegt,
erreichen konnten,
hatten,
gewartet haben,
ist endlich angekommen.
This can’t really be translated to English:
The mechanist,
for whom because of the accident,
which,
before the city,
which lies in the North,
we could reach,
we had,
we have waited for,
has finally arrived.
- agumonkey 11y agoFunny I've never `which` in programming languages, it's kinda like a short lambda or an anaphoric binder.
- to3m 11y agoThe mechanic the accident affected is well known in the city he was late to. The people the city the mechanic the accident affected was late to contains sing songs about it, in fact. The tourist guide calls them the songs the people the city the mechanic the accident affected was late to contains sing. The buildings the money the tourists the songs the people the city the mechanic the accident affected was late to contains sing attracts spend paid for are also a big draw.